Avoid a Right Turn Accident
in Your Tractor Trailer

One day as we were exiting a truck stop, we saw the results of a right turn accident. We'll get to Vicki's photos below, but let's get some perspective first.

Making a Turn Too Far From the Curb

There's an interesting car-truck accident photo on Flickr that might appear to look completely like the car driver's fault. But read the description. The photographer stated:

"The driver of the car pulled into the right-hand turn lane, right into the truck's blind spot. The truck was in the next lane over, intending to turn right -- which he couldn't do from the turn lane, because that would mean dragging his rear wheels over the curb and taking out the flower bed."

We can't see the entire intersection, so we can make no judgment regarding the photographer's claim that the truck "couldn't" turn from the right hand lane. But we sincerely doubt that because the car had evidently been there. The photo shows that many truck drivers had taken their trailer tandems over the curb in the past (although we certainly don't recommend doing that!).

The angle of the shot shows at least three lanes on the road where the trucker was heading: 

• two in the direction he was going and 
• at least one in the opposite direction. 

Assuming that it was safe and legal to do so, the truck driver could have swung into the opposing lane on the side street only long enough to complete the turn while keeping his trailer tires closer to the curb. Had the trucker kept his trailer tires close to the curb, he wouldn't have had a car try to pass him on the right.

The ATA's Video

There is a video on YouTube embedded below about which we must make comments, each one being associated with a time on the video in minutes and seconds (m:ss):

• 0:08: This video is copyright protected by the American Trucking Associations and bears the name and logo of the ATA Safety Management Council.
• 0:51: The narrator describes that "virtually all" of right hand turn accidents reviewed by the ATA Safety Management Council's Accident Review Committee were preventable, and that these involved swings too far to the left.
• 1:09: "You can reduce the likelihood of becoming involved in a right turn accident by following the guidelines described in this video," said the narrator.
• 1:53: An illustration of a button hook turn.
• 1:56: A different illustration of a right hand turn.
• 2:00: The second illustration is the "preferred method" of making this kind of turn, according to the cited "guidelines."
• 2:10: The views of the truck from the ground and the truck from the air do not sync. The view on the ground shows the truck driver always in the right hand lane. The view from the air shows him moving over the line, edging into the left lane.
• 2:19: "Make sure there are no vehicles in the left lane" but a car passed on the left, moving over into the left hand turn lane to get around the truck!
• 3:09: To us, it looks like the driver took the trailer's tandems over the curb on the right. Watch the angle of the trailer move vertically.
• 3:17: The driver turns into and uses the lane of a vehicle already pulled up to the intersection on the right, "forcing" the vehicle to move! What if the light for that vehicle was red? Where and when is he supposed to go? What if the waiting vehicle had been another tractor trailer with other vehicles behind? One should only make a turn when it is safe and legal to do so.
• 3:25: "Different traffic situations will dictate when you have to use a specific technique to make a right turn." Yes. The point is that the driver needs to keep the wheels of his trailer along the curb so as not to let someone try to pass on the right.

Two other things about this video bear noting:

1. The driver in this video is driving a day cab with a short wheel base. Drivers of longer wheel base tractors, especially those with a sleeper or custom sleeper, need to allow more room for right turns.
   
   
2. The driver of this rig saw fit to drive with his trailer tandems all the way back. To more easily negotiate right turns, he could have pulled the tandems forward (if it was possible to do so).

Making a Turn Too Close to the Curb (or Ditch)

You may have wondered when we were going to get back to this. Below are photos that Vicki took of a tractor trailer right turn accident that took place just off truck stop property when a professional truck driver failed to swing far enough either ahead or to the left to avoid a ditch.

This was the view of the accident from the truck stop. The sign in the foreground shows that the driver used the correct exit. A tow truck had to be called in. No truck traffic could exit onto the main street.

The tow truck is being connected to the rear of the trailer. You can see it if you are observant why the driver could not just drag his rear axle out of the ditch.

The view from the road shows that there was plenty of room for the driver to pull out onto the road, so there was no excuse for this not-so-wide right turn.

A group of men have gathered around the back of the trailer, but it appears that the lines from the tow truck are no longer taut.

This photo shows why the driver could not just pull his trailer out of the ditch: the angle of the trailer and its king pin connection with the tractor literally lifted the left side drive tires off the ground. Without traction, the truck went no where.

Training and Reminders

Every truck driver training school student driver should be taught not only the correct way to make right turns but also what can happen when that procedure is not followed.

Furthermore, professional drivers are continually reminded of the necessity of making wide turns because there are so many different signs to this effect on the backs of trailers, some of which are shown here:

The Correct Method of Making a Right Turn

According to this glossary, a "button hook turn" is:

"A method of right-turning a Truck-Tractor Semi-Trailer in order to avoid curbing the trailer tires. This method creates a path that looks like a button hook and is considered the proper way to turn right."

Since button hooks are not common in our day, it is worthwhile to show a Duro-Med Button Aid/Zip Pull, Wood, Small here (courtesy of Amazon.com):

	This is a dual-headed button hook, with two types of hooking mechanisms.
	This is a close-up mirror image of the button hook that illustrates the button hook right turn that tractor trailers make.

A nice illustration of a button hook right turn with a semi tractor trailer is shown in the third photo down on this page.

Tricky Turns

Some right hand turns you may need to make are at more acute or more obtuse an angle than 90°. If you are making a sharp right hand turn, be very careful to clear objects on your right side before proceeding.

Depending on the turn, you may be forced to find another route. Here's an example:

The map above of part of the city of Barnwell, SC, shows a sharp intersection between SC 3 (Marlboro Avenue) and SC 64 (Patterson Street). If a driver was on SC 3 near the intersection and needed to get to US 278 on the left side of the map, would he or should he make a sharp right turn on SC 64?

In cases like this, if a driver has Internet access, it might be wise to zoom in on a satellite view so that he can tell if he needs to take a different route. Here is a close-up of the intersection in Google Maps' satellite view.

Do you see what's on the corner of the intersection? We do not think it would be wise for a truck driver to try to make a right turn (going south on Marlboro and turning right on Patterson) at this intersection. It would be better to head north on Marlboro to turn left on Hagood Avenue and get to US 278 that way.

Make sure that you follow the directions you are given by shippers and receivers on how to get to their locations. Although online maps are getting better, they may or may not be 100% accurate. The same could be said of some GPS programs.

Truck Stops and Rest Areas

Intersections on roads are not the only places where truckers may have problems making right turns. One must also bear in mind turning room in truck stops and rest areas. We have personally had our challenges in clearing curbs and other trucks in these locations, particularly the ones that are tightly spaced or were built before longer wheel based tractors and longer trailers were manufactured. This is especially true in the northeastern USA. When in doubt about your truck's ability to clear other fixed objects, get out and look. Don't be afraid to ask for help.

Other Objects

On our CDL Road Test page, we record this true account:

The first time that Vicki drove a truck in the city, she was instructed to make a right-hand turn from one street onto another. Although in her mind she knew that she was driving a commercial vehicle, somehow the thought of making sure that the trailer cleared the curb hadn't quite sunk in. She came close to hitting a telephone pole.

Besides telephone poles, there are short cement poles, fuel islands, stop signs, curbs, fire hydrants and other fixed objects that you may need to clear when making right turns.

There are also moving objects to watch out for, like ultra small cars and motorcycles/mopeds whose drivers sometimes feel they have a right to squeeze into the smallest possible spaces to get ahead. Also watch out for bicycles. Consult your truck mirrors often.

Money saving tip: Preventing an accident is far better than having to deal with its aftermath. Not only is there the cost of the tow truck and/or repairs, but you may face disciplinary action by your trucking company (such as being put on probation or worse). If law enforcement is called on the scene, you may receive a citation or ticket. As painful as that is, the recurring effects on your insurance linger far afterwards. If you are an independent driver, you will most likely see an increase on your commercial truck insurance rates. However, it doesn't end there. Since American drivers can have only one drivers license (which covers driving a commercial motor vehicle and your personal vehicles), your personal automobile insurance rates may go up. In cases like this, you may want to contact an attorney to see if charges can be reduced or worked off by going through a drivers education class (possibly online or by correspondence course). There is also the cost in terms of time when you're delayed by an accident. You will never be able to recover it. When visibility is lower -- such as when you are driving at night or in snow or in heavy rain -- you need to be especially careful about making turns. Never be "in a hurry" when making turns. Take the time that you need. Other drivers may get impatient, but don't let their impatience become your problem. They aren't driving your truck; you are. Do not presume that you can turn right on red (when a traffic light is red in your direction) in all locations, even if it appears to be safe and legal to do so. Remember to protect your CDL, your eligibility to continue driving (which can be reduced or ended by accumulating enough CSA violations), and your trucking career. If necessary, review safety procedures, watch safety videos and practice making right turns on a CDL training range. Even the most experienced among us need to keep our skills honed.

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